(4).测试
master:
[root@master keepalived]# touch down #新建一下down文件
[root@master keepalived]# ll
总用量 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 8月 22 13:39 down
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1317 8月 22 13:35 keepalived.conf
[root@master keepalived]# tail -f /var/log/messages #查看一下日志
Aug 22 13:43:52 master Keepalived_vrrp[12003]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Aug 22 13:43:52 master Keepalived_vrrp[12003]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Aug 22 13:43:52 master Keepalived_vrrp[12003]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.18.200
Aug 22 13:43:52 master Keepalived_vrrp[12003]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert
Aug 22 13:43:52 master Keepalived_vrrp[12003]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Aug 22 13:43:52 master Keepalived_vrrp[12003]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
Aug 22 13:43:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers[12002]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.18.200 added
Aug 22 13:43:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers[12002]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.18.200 removed
Aug 22 13:43:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers[12002]: SMTP alert successfully sent.
Aug 22 13:43:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers[12002]: SMTP alert successfully sent.
^C
[root@master keepalived]# ip add show #查看VIP
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:4b:a1:85 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.18.208/24 brd 192.168.18.255 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4b:a185/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
slave:
123456789101112 [root@slave ~]# ip addr show #查看一下VIP已转移到slave上
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:f9:e6:26 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.18.207/24 brd 192.168.18.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.18.200/32 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fef9:e626/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
好了,自写监测脚本,完成维护模式切换,到这里就演示成功,下面我们来解决最后一个问题,就是keepalived主从切换的邮件通告。
11.如何在keepalived故障时(或主备切换时),发送警告邮件给指定的管理员?
(1).keepalived通知脚本进阶示例
下面的脚本可以接受选项,其中
-s, --service SERVICE,...:指定服务脚本名称,当状态切换时可自动启动、重启或关闭此服务;
-a, --address VIP: 指定相关虚拟路由器的VIP地址;
-m, --mode {mm|mb}:指定虚拟路由的模型,mm表示主主,mb表示主备;它们表示相对于同一种服务而方,其VIP的工作类型;
-n, --notify {master|backup|fault}:指定通知的类型,即vrrp角色切换的目标角色;
-h, --help:获取脚本的使用帮助;
#!/bin/bash
# Author: freeloda
# description: An example of notify script
# Usage: notify.sh -m|--mode {mm|mb} -s|--service SERVICE1,... -a|--address VIP -n|--notify {master|backup|falut} -h|--help
contact='1521076067@163.com'
helpflag=0
serviceflag=0
modeflag=0
addressflag=0
notifyflag=0
Usage() {
echo "Usage: notify.sh [-m|--mode {mm|mb}] [-s|--service SERVICE1,...] <-a|--address VIP> <-n|--notify {master|backup|falut}>"
echo "Usage: notify.sh -h|--help"
}
ParseOptions() {
local I=1;
if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
while [ $I -le $# ]; do
case $1 in
-s|--service)
[ $# -lt 2 ] && return 3
serviceflag=1
services=(`echo $2|awk -F"," '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) print $i}'`)
shift 2 ;;
-h|--help)
helpflag=1
return 0
shift
;;
-a|--address)
[ $# -lt 2 ] && return 3
addressflag=1
vip=$2
shift 2
;;
-m|--mode)
[ $# -lt 2 ] && return 3
mode=$2
shift 2
;;
-n|--notify)
[ $# -lt 2 ] && return 3
notifyflag=1
notify=$2
shift 2
;;
*)
echo "Wrong options..."
Usage
return 7
;;
esac
done
return 0
fi
}
#workspace=$(dirname $0)
RestartService() {
if [ ${#@} -gt 0 ]; then
for I in $@; do
if [ -x /etc/rc.d/init.d/$I ]; then
/etc/rc.d/init.d/$I restart
else
echo "$I is not a valid service..."
fi
done
fi
}
StopService() {
if [ ${#@} -gt 0 ]; then
for I in $@; do
if [ -x /etc/rc.d/init.d/$I ]; then
/etc/rc.d/init.d/$I stop
else
echo "$I is not a valid service..."
fi
done
fi
}
Notify() {
mailsubject="`hostname` to be $1: $vip floating"
mailbody="`date '+%F %H:%M:%S'`, vrrp transition, `hostname` changed to be $1."
echo $mailbody | mail -s "$mailsubject" $contact
}
# Main Function
ParseOptions $@
[ $? -ne 0 ] && Usage && exit 5
[ $helpflag -eq 1 ] && Usage && exit 0
if [ $addressflag -ne 1 -o $notifyflag -ne 1 ]; then
Usage
exit 2
fi
mode=${mode:-mb}
case $notify in
'master')
if [ $serviceflag -eq 1 ]; then
RestartService ${services[*]}
fi
Notify master
;;
'backup')
if [ $serviceflag -eq 1 ]; then
if [ "$mode" == 'mb' ]; then
StopService ${services[*]}
else
RestartService ${services[*]}
fi
fi
Notify backup
;;
'fault')
Notify fault
;;
*)
Usage
exit 4
;;
esac
(2).在keepalived.conf配置文件中,其调用方法如下所示:
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh -n master -a 192.168.18.200"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh -n backup -a 192.168.18.200"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh -n fault -a 192.168.18.200"
(3).修改配置文件
master:
[root@master keepalived]# cat keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
15251076067@163.com
}
notification_email_from root
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_schedown {
script "[ -e /etc/keepalived/down ] && exit 1 || exit 0"
interval 1
weight -5
fall 2
rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 101
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.18.200
}
track_script {
chk_schedown
}
#增加以下三行
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh -n master -a 192.168.18.200"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh -n backup -a 192.168.18.200"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh -n fault -a 192.168.18.200"
}
virtual_server 192.168.18.200 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.18.201 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /
status_code 200
}
connect_timeout 2
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 1
}
}
real_server 192.168.18.202 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /
status_code 200
}
connect_timeout 2
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 1
}
}
sorry_server 127.0.0.1 80
}
slave:
[root@slave keepalived]# cat keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
15251076067@163.com
}
notification_email_from root
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_schedown {
script "[ -e /etc/keepalived/down ] && exit 1 || exit 0"
interval 1
weight -5
fall 2
rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.18.200
}
track_script {
chk_schedown
}
#增加以下三行
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh -n master -a 192.168.18.200"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh -n backup -a 192.168.18.200"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh -n fault -a 192.168.18.200"
}
virtual_server 192.168.18.200 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.18.201 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /
status_code 200
}
connect_timeout 2
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 1
}
}
real_server 192.168.18.202 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /
status_code 200
}
connect_timeout 2
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 1
}
}
sorry_server 127.0.0.1 80
}