二、configure命令的使用
configure命令可以完成下列任务
配置通道的自动分配
指定备份的保留策略
指定备份副本的副本数
限制备份集的大小
设置缺省的备份类型为备份集或镜像备份
启用或关闭备份优化
配置是否自动备份控制文件
配置备份到磁带
RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO SBT;
如配置自动通道
RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK
2> FORMAT = '/BACKUP/RMAN/%U';
配置保留策略恢复窗口
RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY
2> WINDOW OF 7 DAY;
配置保留策略的冗余数
RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
配置多个备份镜像
RMAN> CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR
2> DEVICE TYPE disk TO 2;
配置自动优化备份
RMAN> CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
使用清除命令恢复到缺省值
RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY CLEAR;
RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE sbt CLEAR;
配置备份的并行度
RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2
配置备份片的大小
RMAN> configure channel device type disk maxpiecesize=1G;
配置I/O读速率(使用allocate channel 或configure channel的rate选项)
RMAN> configure channel device type disk rate 1M;
演示:
RMAN> show controlfile autobackup;
RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on; --配置控制文件的自动备份
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> show controlfile autobackup;
RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup clear;
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
RMAN configuration parameters are successfully reset to default value
三、Show命令的使用
show命令用于显示永久配置设置的相关信息
使用show命令显示的主要内容有
自动通道配置设置
备份保留策略设置
备份镜像副本数量
备份集大小设置
从备份中排除的表空间
备份优化状态
最常用的是show all命令
也可以显示单个设置的信息,如
RMAN> show backup optimization;
RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
RMAN> show exclude;
RMAN configuration parameters are:
RMAN configuration has no stored or default parameters
四、List命令的使用
列出备份集、数据文件镜像等
列出指定表空间任意数据文件的备份集或镜像副本
列出指定范围内包含归档日志的备份集或镜像副本
RMAN> list backup;
RMAN> list copy;
RMAN> list backup of database;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace uers;
RMAN> list backup of archivelog all;
RMAN> list backup verbose;
RMAN> list backup summary;
RMAN> list backup of datafile { n | <dir>}
RMAN> list copy of archive from time = 'sysdate - 7';
RMAN> list backup of archivelog from sequence 1000 until sequence 1020;
RMAN> list backupset tag=TAG20101014T155753;
RMAN> list backup; --列出备份信息
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 25.47M DISK 00:00:04 13-OCT-10
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20101013T170706
Piece Name: /u01/app/Oracle/rmanbak/user_02lqc29q_1_1.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 1610281 13-OCT-10 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
RMAN> list backup of datafile 4; --列出datafile文件编号为的备份信息
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 25.47M DISK 00:00:04 13-OCT-10
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20101013T170706
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rmanbak/user_02lqc29q_1_1.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 1610281 13-OCT-10 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 435.04M DISK 00:01:37 13-OCT-10
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20101013T171906
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rmanbak/dfile_ORCL_04lqc30a_1_1.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 1610888 13-OCT-10 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
RMAN> list backup summary;
List of Backups
===============
Key TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
1 B F A DISK 13-OCT-10 1 1 NO TAG20101013T170706
2 B F A DISK 13-OCT-10 1 1 NO TAG20101013T171906
3 B F A DISK 13-OCT-10 1 1 NO TAG20101013T171906