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PostgreSQL逻辑复制之slony篇

[日期:2018-06-05] 来源:cnblogs.com/lottu  作者:lottu [字体: ]

Slony是PostgreSQL领域中最广泛的复制解决方案之一。它不仅是最古老的复制实现之一,它也是一个拥有最广泛的外部工具支持的工具,比如pgAdmin3。多年来,Slony是在PostgreSQL中复制数据的惟一可行的解决方案。Slony使用逻辑复制;Slony-I一般要求表有主键,或者唯一键;Slony的工作不是基于PostgreSQL事务日志的;而是基于触发器的;基于逻辑复制高可用性;PostgreSQL除了slony;还有Londiste,BDR等等后续文章会讲到

1. 安装Slony

  下载地址:http://www.slony.info;安装步骤:

# tar -jxvf slony1-2.2.5.tar.bz2
# cd slony1-2.2.5
# ./configure --with-pgconfigdir=/opt/pgsql96/bin
# make
# make install

  安装完成!

  执行./configure时;会在当前目录是否可以找到pg_config命令;本例pg_config在/opt/pgsql96/bin目录下;

2. Slony架构图

3. 复制表

现有实验环境:

主机名 IP 角色
PostgreSQL201 192.168.1.201 master
PostgreSQL202 192.168.1.202 slave

3.1 在两台数据库中都创建一个slony的超级用户;专为slony服务

create user slony superuser password 'li0924';

3.2  本实验两台主机都有lottu数据库;以lottu数据库中的表作为实验对象;在两个数据库中以相同的方式创建该表synctab,因为表结构不会自动复制。

create table synctab(id int primary key,name text);

3.3  在所有节点设置允许Slony-I用户远程登录;在pg_hba.conf文件添加

host    all            slony            192.168.1.0/24        trust

3.4 设置slony(在master主机操作)

  编写一个slonik脚本用于注册这些节点的脚本如下所示:

[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ cat slony_setup.sh
#!/bin/sh
MASTERDB=lottu
SLAVEDB=lottu
HOST1=192.168.1.201
HOST2=192.168.1.202
DBUSER=slony
slonik<<_EOF_
cluster name = first_cluster;
# define nodes (this is needed by pretty much
# all slonik scripts)
node 1 admin conninfo = 'dbname=$MASTERDB host=$HOST1 user=$DBUSER';
node 2 admin conninfo = 'dbname=$SLAVEDB host=$HOST2 user=$DBUSER';
# init cluster
init cluster ( id=1, comment = 'Master Node');
# group tables into sets
create set (id=1, origin=1, comment='Our tables');
set add table (set id=1, origin=1, id=1, fully qualified name = 'lottu.synctab', comment='sample table');
store node (id=2, comment = 'Slave node', event node=1);
store path (server = 1, client = 2, conninfo='dbname=$MASTERDB host=$HOST1 user=$DBUSER');
store path (server = 2, client = 1, conninfo='dbname=$SLAVEDB host=$HOST2 user=$DBUSER');
_EOF_

  现在这个表在Slony的控制下,我们可以开始订阅脚本如下所示:

[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ cat slony_subscribe.sh
#!/bin/sh
MASTERDB=lottu
SLAVEDB=lottu
HOST1=192.168.1.201
HOST2=192.168.1.202
DBUSER=slony
slonik<<_EOF_
cluster name = first_cluster;
node 1 admin conninfo = 'dbname=$MASTERDB host=$HOST1 user=$DBUSER';
node 2 admin conninfo = 'dbname=$SLAVEDB host=$HOST2 user=$DBUSER';
subscribe set ( id = 1, provider = 1, receiver = 2, forward = no);
_EOF_

  在master主机执行脚本

[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ ./slony_setup.sh
[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ ./slony_subscribe.sh &
[1] 1225

  定义了我们想要复制的东西之后,我们可以在每台主机启动slon守护进程

slon first_cluster 'host=192.168.1.201 dbname=lottu user=slony' &
slon first_cluster 'host=192.168.1.202 dbname=lottu user=slony' &

3.5 验证slony-I是否配置成功?

  在master主机执行dml操作

[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ psql lottu lottu
psql (9.6.0)
Type "help" for help.

lottu=# \d synctab
    Table "lottu.synctab"
 Column |  Type  | Modifiers
--------+---------+-----------
 id    | integer | not null
 name  | text    |
Indexes:
    "synctab_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id)
Triggers:
    _first_cluster_logtrigger AFTER INSERT OR DELETE OR UPDATE ON synctab FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE _first_cluster.logtrigger('_first_cluster', '1', 'k')
    _first_cluster_truncatetrigger BEFORE TRUNCATE ON synctab FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE _first_cluster.log_truncate('1')
Disabled user triggers:
    _first_cluster_denyaccess BEFORE INSERT OR DELETE OR UPDATE ON synctab FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE _first_cluster.denyaccess('_first_cluster')
    _first_cluster_truncatedeny BEFORE TRUNCATE ON synctab FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE _first_cluster.deny_truncate()

lottu=# insert into synctab values (1001,'lottu');
INSERT 0 1

  在slave主机查看是否对应变化

[postgres@Postgres202 ~]$ psql
psql (9.6.0)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# \c lottu lottu
You are now connected to database "lottu" as user "lottu".
lottu=> select * from synctab ;
  id  | name 
------+-------
 1001 | lottu
(1 row)

4.  Slony-I相关表或者视图查看

4.1 配置成功;会在所在的数据库中生成一个schema

[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ psql lottu lottu
psql (9.6.0)
Type "help" for help.

lottu=# \dn
      List of schemas
      Name      |  Owner 
----------------+----------
 _first_cluster | slony
 lottu          | lottu
 public        | postgres
(3 rows)

4.2 查看集群中的节点信息

lottu=# select * from _first_cluster.sl_node;
 no_id | no_active | no_comment  | no_failed
-------+-----------+-------------+-----------
    1 | t        | Master Node | f
    2 | t        | Slave node  | f
(2 rows)

4.3 查看集群中的集合信息

lottu=# select * from _first_cluster.sl_set;
 set_id | set_origin | set_locked | set_comment
--------+------------+------------+-------------
      1 |          1 |            | Our tables
(1 row)

4.4 查看集群中的表信息

lottu=# select * from _first_cluster.sl_table;
-[ RECORD 1 ]-------------
tab_id      | 1
tab_reloid  | 57420
tab_relname | synctab
tab_nspname | lottu
tab_set    | 1
tab_idxname | synctab_pkey
tab_altered | f
tab_comment | sample table

5. 日常维护

5.1  Slony-I向现有集群中增加一个复制表

  以表synctab2为例:

create table synctab2(id int primary key,name text,reg_time timestamp);

  我们要创建一个新的表格集;脚本是这样的

[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ cat slony_add_table_set.sh
#!/bin/sh
MASTERDB=lottu
SLAVEDB=lottu
HOST1=192.168.1.201
HOST2=192.168.1.202
DBUSER=slony
slonik<<_EOF_
cluster name = first_cluster;
node 1 admin conninfo = 'dbname=$MASTERDB host=$HOST1 user=$DBUSER';
node 2 admin conninfo = 'dbname=$SLAVEDB host=$HOST2 user=$DBUSER';
create set (id=2, origin=1, comment='a second replication set');
set add table (set id=2, origin=1, id=2, fully qualified name ='lottu.synctab2', comment='second table');
subscribe set(id=1, provider=1,receiver=2);
subscribe set(id=2, provider=1,receiver=2);
merge set(id=1, add id=2,origin=1);
_EOF_

  执行slony_add_table_set.sh脚本

[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ ./slony_add_table_set.sh
<stdin>:8 subscription in progress before mergeSet. waiting
<stdin>:8 subscription in progress before mergeSet. waiting

  查看是否添加成功

lottu=# select * from _first_cluster.sl_table;
-[ RECORD 1 ]--------------
tab_id      | 1
tab_reloid  | 57420
tab_relname | synctab
tab_nspname | lottu
tab_set    | 1
tab_idxname | synctab_pkey
tab_altered | f
tab_comment | sample table
-[ RECORD 2 ]--------------
tab_id      | 2
tab_reloid  | 57840
tab_relname | synctab2
tab_nspname | lottu
tab_set    | 1
tab_idxname | synctab2_pkey
tab_altered | f
tab_comment | second table

5.2  Slony-I向现有集群中删除一个复制表

[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ cat slony_drop_table.sh
#!/bin/sh
MASTERDB=lottu
SLAVEDB=lottu
HOST1=192.168.1.201
HOST2=192.168.1.202
DBUSER=slony
slonik<<_EOF_
cluster name = first_cluster;
node 1 admin conninfo = 'dbname=$MASTERDB host=$HOST1 user=$DBUSER';
node 2 admin conninfo = 'dbname=$SLAVEDB host=$HOST2 user=$DBUSER';
set drop table (id=2, origin=1);
_EOF_

  执行slony_drop_table.sh脚本

[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ ./slony_drop_table.sh

  查看是否删除成功

lottu=# select * from _first_cluster.sl_table;
 tab_id | tab_reloid | tab_relname | tab_nspname | tab_set | tab_idxname  | tab_altered | tab_comment 
--------+------------+-------------+-------------+---------+--------------+-------------+--------------
      1 |      57420 | synctab    | lottu      |      1 | synctab_pkey | f          | sample table
(1 row)

5. 3删除slony

[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ cat slony_drop_node.sh
#!/bin/sh
MASTERDB=lottu
SLAVEDB=lottu
HOST1=192.168.1.201
HOST2=192.168.1.202
DBUSER=slony
slonik<<_EOF_
cluster name = first_cluster;
node 1 admin conninfo = 'dbname=$MASTERDB host=$HOST1 user=$DBUSER';
node 2 admin conninfo = 'dbname=$SLAVEDB host=$HOST2 user=$DBUSER';
uninstall node (id = 1);
uninstall node (id = 2);
_EOF_

执行脚本如下:

[postgres@Postgres201 ~]$ ./slony_drop_node.sh
<stdin>:4: NOTICE:  Slony-I: Please drop schema "_first_cluster"
<stdin>:4: NOTICE:  drop cascades to 175 other objects
DETAIL:  drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_node
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_nodelock
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_set
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_setsync
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_table
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_sequence
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_path
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_listen
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_subscribe
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_event
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_confirm
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_seqlog
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.sequencelastvalue(text)
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_log_1
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_log_2
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_log_script
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_registry
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_apply_stats
drop cascades to view _first_cluster.sl_seqlastvalue
drop cascades to view _first_cluster.sl_failover_targets
drop cascades to sequence _first_cluster.sl_local_node_id
drop cascades to sequence _first_cluster.sl_event_seq
drop cascades to sequence _first_cluster.sl_action_seq
drop cascades to sequence _first_cluster.sl_log_status
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_config_lock
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_event_lock
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_archive_counter
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_components
drop cascades to type _first_cluster.vactables
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text,text,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.denyaccess()
drop cascades to trigger _first_cluster_denyaccess on table lottu.synctab
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.lockedset()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.getlocalnodeid(name)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.getmoduleversion()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.resetsession()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.logapply()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.logapplysetcachesize(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.logapplysavestats(name,integer,interval)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.checkmoduleversion()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.decode_tgargs(bytea)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.logtrigger()
drop cascades to trigger _first_cluster_logtrigger on table lottu.synctab
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.terminatenodeconnections(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.killbackend(integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.seqtrack(integer,bigint)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slon_quote_brute(text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slon_quote_input(text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slonyversionmajor()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slonyversionminor()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slonyversionpatchlevel()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slonyversion()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_set_int4(text,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_get_int4(text,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_set_text(text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_get_text(text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_set_timestamp(text,timestamp with time zone)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_get_timestamp(text,timestamp with time zone)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.cleanupnodelock()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registernodeconnection(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.initializelocalnode(integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storenode(integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storenode_int(integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.enablenode(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.enablenode_int(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.disablenode(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.disablenode_int(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.dropnode(integer[])
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.dropnode_int(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.prefailover(integer,boolean)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.failednode(integer,integer,integer[])
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.failednode2(integer,integer,bigint,integer[])
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.failednode3(integer,integer,bigint)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.failoverset_int(integer,integer,bigint)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.uninstallnode()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.clonenodeprepare(integer,integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.clonenodeprepare_int(integer,integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.clonenodefinish(integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storepath(integer,integer,text,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storepath_int(integer,integer,text,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.droppath(integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.droppath_int(integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storelisten(integer,integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storelisten_int(integer,integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.droplisten(integer,integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.droplisten_int(integer,integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storeset(integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storeset_int(integer,integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.lockset(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.unlockset(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.moveset(integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.moveset_int(integer,integer,integer,bigint)
and 75 other objects (see server log for list)
<stdin>:5: NOTICE:  Slony-I: Please drop schema "_first_cluster"
<stdin>:5: NOTICE:  drop cascades to 175 other objects
DETAIL:  drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_node
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_nodelock
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_set
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_setsync
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_table
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_sequence
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_path
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_listen
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_subscribe
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_event
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_confirm
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_seqlog
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.sequencelastvalue(text)
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_log_1
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_log_2
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_log_script
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_registry
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_apply_stats
drop cascades to view _first_cluster.sl_seqlastvalue
drop cascades to view _first_cluster.sl_failover_targets
drop cascades to sequence _first_cluster.sl_local_node_id
drop cascades to sequence _first_cluster.sl_event_seq
drop cascades to sequence _first_cluster.sl_action_seq
drop cascades to sequence _first_cluster.sl_log_status
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_config_lock
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_event_lock
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_archive_counter
drop cascades to table _first_cluster.sl_components
drop cascades to type _first_cluster.vactables
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.createevent(name,text,text,text,text,text,text,text,text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.denyaccess()
drop cascades to trigger _first_cluster_denyaccess on table lottu.synctab
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.lockedset()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.getlocalnodeid(name)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.getmoduleversion()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.resetsession()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.logapply()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.logapplysetcachesize(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.logapplysavestats(name,integer,interval)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.checkmoduleversion()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.decode_tgargs(bytea)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.logtrigger()
drop cascades to trigger _first_cluster_logtrigger on table lottu.synctab
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.terminatenodeconnections(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.killbackend(integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.seqtrack(integer,bigint)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slon_quote_brute(text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slon_quote_input(text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slonyversionmajor()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slonyversionminor()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slonyversionpatchlevel()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.slonyversion()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_set_int4(text,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_get_int4(text,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_set_text(text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_get_text(text,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_set_timestamp(text,timestamp with time zone)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registry_get_timestamp(text,timestamp with time zone)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.cleanupnodelock()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.registernodeconnection(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.initializelocalnode(integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storenode(integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storenode_int(integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.enablenode(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.enablenode_int(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.disablenode(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.disablenode_int(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.dropnode(integer[])
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.dropnode_int(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.prefailover(integer,boolean)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.failednode(integer,integer,integer[])
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.failednode2(integer,integer,bigint,integer[])
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.failednode3(integer,integer,bigint)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.failoverset_int(integer,integer,bigint)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.uninstallnode()
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.clonenodeprepare(integer,integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.clonenodeprepare_int(integer,integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.clonenodefinish(integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storepath(integer,integer,text,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storepath_int(integer,integer,text,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.droppath(integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.droppath_int(integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storelisten(integer,integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storelisten_int(integer,integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.droplisten(integer,integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.droplisten_int(integer,integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storeset(integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.storeset_int(integer,integer,text)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.lockset(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.unlockset(integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.moveset(integer,integer)
drop cascades to function _first_cluster.moveset_int(integer,integer,integer,bigint)
and 75 other objects (see server log for list)

完美;一切归零!

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