词云是一种数据可视化技术，用于表示文本数据，其中每个单词的大小表示其出现的频率或重要性。 可以使用词云突出显示重要的文本数据点。 词云被广泛用于分析来自社交网络网站的数据。
为了在Python中生成词云，需要的模块是– matplotlib，pandas和wordcloud。 要安装这些软件包，请运行以下命令：
pip install matplotlib
pip install pandas
pip install wordcloud
代码1：字数
可以设置要在tagcloud上显示的最大单词数。 为此，请使用WordCloud()函数的max_words关键字参数。
# importing the necessery modules
from wordcloud import WordCloud
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import csv
# file object is created
file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv")
# reader object is created
reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob)
# contents of reader object is stored .
# data is stored in list of list format.
reader_contents = list(reader_ob)
# empty string is declare
text = ""
# iterating through list of rows
for row in reader_contents :
# iterating through words in the row
for word in row :
# concatenate the words
text = text + " " + word
# show only 10 words in the wordcloud .
wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, max_words=10).generate(text)
# plot the WordCloud image
plt.figure()
plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear")
plt.axis("off")
plt.margins(x=0, y=0)
plt.show()
输出如下图：
代码2：删除一些单词
可以删除一些我们不想显示的词。 为此，请将这些单词传递给WordCloud()函数的停用词列表参数。
# importing the necessery modules
from wordcloud import WordCloud
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import csv
# file object is created
file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv")
# reader object is created
reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob)
# contents of reader object is stored .
# data is stored in list of list format.
reader_contents = list(reader_ob)
# empty string is declare
text = ""
# iterating through list of rows
for row in reader_contents :
# iterating through words in the row
for word in row :
# concatenate the words
text = text + " " + word
# remove Python , Matplotlib , Geeks Words from WordCloud .
wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480,
stopwords=["Python", "Matplotlib","Geeks"]).generate(text)
# plot the WordCloud image
plt.figure()
plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear")
plt.axis("off")
plt.margins(x=0, y=0)
plt.show()
输出效果如下：
代码3：更改背景
我们可以更改wordcloud背景的颜色。 为此，请使用WordCloud()函数的background_color关键字参数。
# importing the necessery modules
from wordcloud import WordCloud
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import csv
# file object is created
file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv")
# reader object is created
reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob)
# contents of reader object is stored .
# data is stored in list of list format.
reader_contents = list(reader_ob)
# empty string is declare
text = ""
# iterating through list of rows
for row in reader_contents :
# iterating through words in the row
for word in row :
# concatenate the words
text = text + " " + word
wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, background_color="pink").generate(text)
# plot the WordCloud image
plt.figure()
plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear")
plt.axis("off")
plt.margins(x=0, y=0)
plt.show()
输出效果如下：
代码4：更改单词的颜色
我们可以使用WordCloud()函数的colormap关键字参数来更改单词的颜色。
# importing the necessery modules
from wordcloud import WordCloud
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import csv
# file object is created
file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv")
# reader object is created
reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob)
# contents of reader object is stored .
# data is stored in list of list format.
reader_contents = list(reader_ob)
# empty string is declare
text = ""
# iterating through list of rows
for row in reader_contents :
# iterating through words in the row
for word in row :
# concatenate the words
text = text + " " + word
wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, colormap="Oranges_r").generate(text)
# plot the WordCloud image
plt.figure()
plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear")
plt.axis("off")
plt.margins(x=0, y=0)
plt.show()
输出效果如下：
代码5：设置最大和最小字体
我们可以控制wordcloud的最小和最大字体大小。 为此，请使用WordCloud()函数的max_font_size和min_font_size关键字参数。
# importing the necessery modules
from wordcloud import WordCloud
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import csv
# file object is created
file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv")
# reader object is created
reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob)
# contents of reader object is stored .
# data is stored in list of list format.
reader_contents = list(reader_ob)
# empty string is declare
text = ""
# iterating through list of rows
for row in reader_contents :
# iterating through words in the row
for word in row :
# concatenate the words
text = text + " " + word
wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, max_font_size=20, min_font_size=10).generate(text)
plt.figure()
plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear")
plt.axis("off")
plt.margins(x=0, y=0)
plt.show()
OK，暂时先这样，中文乱码解决等请继续关注我们Linux公社的Python专题栏目，谢谢阅读。
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